Leaves are green in summer, turning yellow or brown in fall. Twig: Stout, somewhat angled and yellowish; buds are 3/4 inch long, covered with several brown, resinous scales. Leaves are alternate, simple, 3–7 inches long, broadly triangular, abruptly pointed, with coarse teeth with tiny hairs, small glands at base of leaf blade; upper surface green, shiny; lower surface paler, smooth; leaf stalk slender, flattened. Common Name - Eastern Cottonwood. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. Due to its large size, weak wood, and penetrating roots, it is best used on large properties away from residential areas. The north-south distribution extends from latitude 28 N. to 46 N. It is absent from the higher Appalachian areas and from much of Florida and the Gulf Coast except along rivers. Size - 100 ft. (30.48 m) tall. Lump Growth on a Cottonwood Tree. The largest specimen in Iowa is over 11 feet in diameter, 80 feet tall and more than 85 feet in width. Tuliptrees have very distinctive leaves. Tree leaf shapes . Leaf Size 3 to 5" long and wide. Flower: Species is dioecious; male and female as pendulous catkins, appearing before the leaves. ... 17.78 cm) long and 3 – 5 in. These photos show the capsules that are the fruit of the Eastern cottonwood tree. Look for snowstorms of this cotton in early June. The capsules have short stalks and grow on long catkins. There has also been interest in growing it for inclusion in cattle feed, since it is a good source of cellulose relatively free of undesirable components, such as tannins. Specific Epithet deltoides. Leaf Width - 3 to 5 inches. Image by Wikimedia Commons. Altitude is a primary determiner of the western boundary. INTRODUCTION A leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized ... American planetree Scientific name: Plantanus occidentalis Leaf shape: Palmate shape FIGURE 6 Tip Vein Margin Midrib Petiole Tip Margin Petiole Midrib Vein. The tree is a hardwood and the lineal taxonomy is Magnoliopsida > Salicales > Salicaceae > Populus deltoides deltoides Bartr. The cottonwood is a large, relatively short-lived tree with a wide, spreading crown and a large straight trunk. The leaf shape of cottonwood trees will set them apart from tuliptrees. Eastern Redbud has an irregular growth habit when young but forms a gr… Eastern Cottonwood Leaf - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University. Eastern cottonwood. Cottonwood gets its common name from the wads of cotton surrounding its seeds, which facilitate dispersal by wind and water. Leaf Length - 3 to 5 inches. Note: The margin of the Eastern Cottonwood is a bit difficult to discern. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. The lightweight, rather soft wood is used primarily for core stock in manufacturing furniture and for pulpwood. Eastern cottonwood grows along streams and on bottomlands from southern Quebec westward into North Dakota and southwestern Manitoba, south to central Texas, and east to northwestern Florida and Georgia. Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides Willow family (Salicaceae) Description: This deciduous tree is 60-120' tall at maturity. Habitat. The blades are triangular in shape, two to six inches in length, and have twenty to twenty-five rounded teeth per side along the margin. Populus deltoids, commonly called common cottonwood is a large, fast-growing tree or shrub. Eastern cottonwood requires leaf N concentrations of at least 2 percent to maximize volume production (Blackmon and White 1972). Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Leaf Margins: Crenate. The eastern cottonwood is a member of the willow family (Salicaceae). The trunk bark of mature trees is thick, gray, and coarsely ridged. The leaf petiole is 3 to 4 inches long and flatted. are large, quick-growing trees valued for their vibrant autumn foliage. Eastern cottonwood is also sometimes called southern cottonwood, Carolina poplar, eastern poplar, necklace poplar, and álamo. Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. Expand. Tree leaf chart: Leaf shape and arrangement. Named after 19th century American explorer John C. Fremont, it is similar to the Eastern Cottonwood, differing mainly in the leaves having fewer, larger serrations on the leaf edge and small … It grows best on moist well-drained sands or silts near streams, often in pure stands. It grows best on moist well-drained sands or silts near streams, often in pure stands. Leaf margins can be … The eastern cottonwood is a member of the willow family (Salicaceae). Its growth may exceed 10 feet in height its first year, about 5 feet in height in each succeeding year, and about 1 inch in diameter per year. Cottonwood trees (Populus spp.) Trees of this size are often found on moist sites. Use "esc" to exit the lightbox. The petiole is distinctively flattened, making the leaf flap from side to side rather than up and down. It develops a single stout trunk up to 4-6' across and forms an ovoid crown in open situations. Also, the edge (margin) of the latter is deeply notched (crenelated), while that of the angustifolia is less so, and the balsamifera's is smooth. Margin: crenate-serrate. All tree leaves exhibit margins (leaf blade edges) that are either serrated or smooth. Flower Reddish. native to eastern North America; hardy to zone 2; Habit and Form . Male and female flowers develop on separate trees. One last identification feature is to follow the cotton in early summer. The state tree of Oklahoma, Eastern Redbud is a moderate to rapid-grower when young, reaching a height of 20 to 30 feet. Populus angustifolia (narrowleaf cottonwood), in the Great Basin; Populus heterophylla (swamp cottonwood), in the eastern United States; Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood), in the Pacific Northwest of North America Mature trees with thick bark may be only scarred or top-killed. The poplar petiole gall aphid (Pemphigus populitransversus) lays its eggs on cottonwood leaves, producing characteristic marble-sized galls where the petiole meets the blade of the leaf. Form. It falls somewhere between crenate to serrate, and is even considered to be dentate in some texts. Deep planting permits reforesting of nonproductive fields with sandy soils having available moisture beneath a dry surface layer. Photo credit: Larry Korhnak, University of Florida, UF School of Forest Resources & Conservation. Thirty-year-old specimens are rare, but they can reach 35 feet in height forming a rounded vase. No need to register, buy now! Plants. Fire scars may facilitate the onset of heartwood decay. Upper surface bright shiny green; Lower surface slightly paler ; Petiole yellowish-green; Margin. Leaf buds are large, 1-inch long, reddish green and pointed. Eastern cottonwood has limited timber use. Cottonwood is a large tree with long, straight trunk and massive branches forming a rounded top. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), one of the largest eastern hardwoods, is short-lived but the fastest-growing commercial forest species in North America. The wood is light, soft, and weak, and is dark brown in color with thick nearly white sapwood, warping badly in drying. Both male and female flowers are pendulous catkins. This tree species occurs from Alberta east to Quebec and south to Florida, Texas, Arizona, and northern Mexico. Use left and right arrows to navigate. Click on second leaf photo for enlargement to see flattened stem and glands at base of leaf. Eastern Cottonwood - Populus deltoides Leaves are alternate, simple, single toothed, triangle shaped. Texture: glabrous. It is not uncommon for young trees to grow in excess of 6 feet in height each year. Cottonwood buds are also somewhat distinctive, in winter and early spring they are large, long, and pointed. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. (Dave Powell/USDA Forest Service/CC BY 3.0 us), (U.S. Geological Survey/Wikimedia Commons), (Bureau of Land Management/Wikimedia Commons), Cucumbertree, A Common Tree in North America, Mockernut Hickory, A Common Tree in North America, Black Locust, a Common Tree in North America, White Oak, A Common Tree in North America, Slippery Elm, A Common Tree in North America, Southern Red Oak, a Common Tree in North America, American Beech, a Common Tree in North America, Butternut, a Common Tree in North America, Black Oak, a Common Tree in North America, Scarlet Oak, A Top 100 Common Tree in North America, Willow Oak: Favorite Wildlife Food and Landscape Tree, B.S., Forest Resource Management, University of Georgia. 5–10 cm; Colour. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) is the fastest growing and largest tree found in Iowa. This website uses a cookie to track whether you choose to see the weeds in order by scientific name or common name. The bark is silvery-white, smooth, or lightly fissured when young, becoming darker gray and deeply fissured on older trees. Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides. Eastern cottonwood is an exceedingly rapid-growing, moisture-loving species that is found locally in moist places and along streams and lakes throughout the state except at the higher elevations. × The new growth is high in protein and minerals. This NC native plant is found at fine sandy loams or silt loams in stream banks of the piedmont and coastal plain. Leaf Arrangement Alternate. He is a member of the Society of American Foresters. Steve Nix is a natural resources consultant and a former forest resources analyst for the state of Alabama. It is native to eastern North America through the Midwest and Chicago region. Hardiness: Zones 2 through 9 . Cottonwood has been used for windbreaks and soil stabilization. Nonetheless, it is still utilized in the making of containers, furniture parts, and high-grade pulp. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Family: Salicaceae . We have looked at ways of identifying leaves by looking at the way they are arranged on the stem and their overall shape. deltoides Bartr. 1 or 2 glands at the base of the leaf blade; Neoformed leaves broadly ovate, hairy when unfolding ; Base more rounded than eastern cottonwood; Length. The leaves are large and deltoid (triangular) in shape with a more or less flattened base and long petiole. The leaf on the right, with the long petiole, is from a Populus deltoides, or Plains and eastern cottonwood. 5–10 cm; Tip longer than eastern cottonwood; Colour. ex Marsh . Bark Ridge and furrowed. McSush/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0. The Eastern Cottonwood is both a fast growing and a short-lived tree. Flowers and Fruits Flower Type - Unisexual catkins on female trees bear many seeds surrounded by silky or cottony hairs. Size 75 to 100' Bloom Time March to April. Forestryimages.org provides several images of parts of Eastern cottonwood. French name: Peuplier deltoïde; Taxonomic Serial Number: 22446 Description Leaves. Family Salicaceae. The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. The western boundary is not well defined because eastern cottonwood intergrades with var. Often the description can vary because of the maturity of the leaf. Male clones, which have none of the objectionable "cotton" associated with seed, are preferred. Click on any thumbnail to see a photo. This is a dioecious tree species. occidentalis, plains cottonwood, where the ranges overlap. The mature eastern cottonwood grows to a height of 65-130 ft. (20-40 m). a deciduous tree; wide spreading; pyramidal in youth; open, oval, irregular crown; 80' to 100' tall; 40' to 60' wide; coarse texture; fast growth rate; Summer Foliage. There has been considerable interest in cottonwood for energy biomass, because of its high yield potential and coppicing ability. Latin name: Populus deltoides ssp. Eastern cottonwood is one of the few hardwood species that is planted and grown specifically for these purposes. The abundant branches are ascending above and drooping below; they are somewhat crooked and knobby. Tree leaves come in all sorts and sizes, and knowing the shape of particular leaves can help to quickly identify the tree species. The 2 to 5 inch long, simple, triangle-shaped, deciduous leaves have a toothed margin, and an elongated tip. Find the perfect eastern cottonwood stock photo. Mature trees have deep grooves with thick ridges and are light brown to ash-gray in color. Leaf Color - Lustrous, bright-green during summer, golden-yellow in late fall. 7. USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) -. The yellowish twigs are stout and contain a bitter aspirin taste. Ecological Role - The cottonwood is a producer, transforming the sun’s energy into food energy. Beavers are known to use cottonwood poles for construction of their dams. It sometimes reaches a height of 100 to 130 feet and a diameter of 5 to 6 feet. The lightweight, rather soft wood is used primarily for core stock in manufacturing furniture and for pulpwood. Though necklace poplar (also known as eastern cottonwood) is a short-lived tree, already old at age 75, it can grow to 100 feet (30m) or more in height in its native streamside habitats. Eastern cottonwood is a large, fast-growing tree found growing along streams, rivers, and lowland areas. Description. ex Marsh. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), one of the largest eastern hardwoods, is short-lived but the fastest-growing commercial forest species in North America. Cultural Requirements. Shape: deltoid with truncate base. It is used for pulp and for boxes. Leaf Shape, Margin, and Venation. Fast-growing yet relatively short-lived, cottonwoods are easily distinguished by their triangular- (or deltoid-) shaped leaves that easily flutter in the wind. Leaf Type Simple. Has a bitter aspirin taste. Cookies. Leaf Margin Serrated. Eastern cottonwood seedlings and young trees are browsed upon by a variety of mammals including rabbits, deer, and domestic livestock. Fire generally kills eastern cottonwood. It grows tall as well, averaging 80-100 ft but potentially growing as high as 200 ft. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. Underside is smooth and a pale green. Some improved clones in some tree plantations have yielded trees that grew up to 10 feet per year. Conical capsule 5 to 9 inches in length borne on pendent stalks, 8 to 12 inches long. Leaves are simple, alternate, and deciduous. The wood is light, soft, and weak. Eastern cottonwood is frequently planted to give quick shade near homes. Arboretum Collection LT. Lifecycle. Triangular, tip taper-pointed; Often pendulous; Usually 3–5 warty glands at the base of the leaf blade; Neoformed leaves broadly ovate, hairy when unfolding; Length. Eastern Cottonwood; Eastern Poplar; Poplar; Phonetic Spelling POP-yoo-lus del-TOY-deez Description. Cottonwood leaves are triangular with course teeth along the margins. It generally has a thin, spreading crown and a straight bole. Eastern cottonwood is a medium-sized tree that reaches heights of 50’to 100’ in height. Genus Populus. Fall Color Yellow. Leaf Margin. Light gray-brown and smooth with shallow grooves on young trees. Eastern Cottonwood, Eastern Poplar Salicaceae. It is shade-intolerant and found on rich, moist sites often near rivers and streams. The splendid purple-pink flowers appear all over the tree in spring, just before the leaves emerge. Leaves: Arrangement: alternate . eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. Female flowers elongate to 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in). Celtis conferta subsp. Fast-growing yet relatively short-lived, cottonwoods are easily distinguished by their triangular- (or deltoid-) shaped leaves that easily flutter in the wind. Form: This is a medium-sized tree reaching 70-100 ft. in height and 2.5- 4 ft dbh. Common name: Banana tree Scientific name: Musa Leaf shape: Oblong shape FIGURE 7 8. Each capsule has 3 or 4 valves. (7.62 – 12.7 cm) wide, sometimes triangular, sometimes heart-shaped, leaf margin serrated; petioles flat. amblyphylla; Hibiscus tiliaceus, a flowering shrub or tree in the mallow family; In the genus Populus, a number of difficult-to-distinguish trees: . eastern cottonwood Salicaceae Populus deltoides W. 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The trunk bark of mature trees with thick ridges and are light brown to ash-gray in.... With thick bark may be only scarred or top-killed are often found on rich, moist sites often near and! Arranged on the right, with the long petiole the cottonwood is a member of petiole... And sizes, and lowland areas, commonly called common cottonwood is a hardwood and the lineal taxonomy is >... ' tall at maturity the leaves near homes twigs are stout and contain a bitter taste! Have deep grooves with thick bark may be only scarred or top-killed aspirin taste, before! Grows tall as well, averaging 80-100 ft but potentially growing as high 200... And 3 – 5 in deltoides leaves are alternate, simple, triangle-shaped, deciduous leaves have a toothed,. Commonly called common cottonwood is a natural resources consultant and a short-lived tree a single stout trunk to...